I am from a city owned by a country that I don’t belong to.
Britain colonized Hong Kong as a consequence of the Opium War in 1842. While China gave up part of Hong Kong permanently to Britain—the New Territories, which makes up 86 percent of Hong Kong, was also under British control in a 99-year lease. In 1997, when the lease ended, the British government decided to give all of Hong Kong back to the People’s Republic of China, known just as China today, as a “special administrative region” subordinated by China’s government.
To eliminate panic caused by the change, China promised to practice “one country, two systems,” which guaranteed that everything in Hong Kong would stay the same and operated on a separate political system from other cities in China for 50 years.
China appoints a chief executive every five years after a conditional election among the election committee. Hong Kong’s legal system is embedded within a supreme law called the Basic Law, while citizens elect their legislators in the Legislative Council every four years.
I grew up learning that my city’s core values were rooted in the freedoms granted by the Basic Law, including freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and freedom of press and publication. Myself and many people from Hong Kong take pride in being somewhat politically separated from China, which is governed by the Chinese Communist Party that notoriously censors the internet and imprisons dissident people in China. Many citizens even call themselves “Hongkonger” which the Oxford Dictionary later adopted in 2014.
The outbreak of the Umbrella Revolution, a 79-day occupying movement in 2014 when people asked for universal suffrage in electing the chief executive, put a spotlight on people’s ethnic identification. According to a poll by the University of Hong Kong, as of December 2018, 40 percent of citizens identify themselves as Hongkongers, as opposed to 15 percent who define themselves as Chinese. Less than 4 percent of the young generation ages 18 through 29 identified as Chinese in 2017, according to HK01.
Hongkongers ally with Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China, which lost control of mainland China to the communist party in the Chinese Civil War in 1949. Unlike Hong Kong, Taiwan has almost no governmental connection with China. Taiwanese citizens even possess the right to elect their president, governors, and legislators democratically. However, people from Taiwan face the same identity crisis as Hongkongers.
One of my Taiwanese friends at Emerson adopted the “Chinese” identity, even though she told me she loves Taiwan. She said she does not feel strong enough to fight over her identity with her Chinese friends. Last semester, after my friend and I presented a final project about China’s “re-education camps,” where they hold more than a million Muslims in China for genocide, a Chinese student discredited our presentation for being too political.
International students from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Tibet and other places in relation to China face backlash for not identifying as Chinese. Chemi Lhamo, the newly elected student union president of the University of Toronto Scarborough, received hateful comments on her social media because of her Tibetan identity. An online petition gathered more than 10,000 signatures calling for Lhamo to step down because of her pro-independence statements regarding Tibet and Taiwan.
“We strongly disagree with Lhamo’s political statements and her participation in political campaigns that were clearly against Chinese history, Chinese laws, and Chinese students’ rights,” wrote a student who started the petition online after Lhamo was elected in March.
Chinese international students have become a prominent group at most U.S. schools in recent years. They made up nearly 60 percent of Emerson’s undergraduate international student population in fall 2018, according to the college’s Impact Report on Internationalization.
While it is globally agreed that Hong Kong and Taiwan are different entities from China politically, socially, and financially, it is important for colleges to be politically correct by educating themselves on international politics.
During my orientation in last fall, the School of Communication’s presentation about international exchange programs listed my hometown as “Hong Kong, China.” This move might flatter most of the Chinese students at Emerson, yet it upsets me to see how unaware the college is to this topic.
If the college promotes their education abroad programs to broaden students’ global vision, they must be more cognizant and knowledgeable of the places they accept students from and send students to.
I have never felt so desperate to find other people from Hong Kong and advocate for my culture. I recognize the absence of that voice on campus for Taiwanese, Hongkongers and other Chinese minority groups.
At my previous college in Seattle, faculty members hosted a panel that I spoke on alongside other students from Hong Kong, China, and Taiwan. Throughout the event, we touched on similarities and differences between the three cultures and educated the audience on controversial advocacy in Hong Kong and Taiwan. At the end of the panel, everyone seemed to leave with lingering curiosity to continue the conversation and an understanding of differences between us.
Instead of avoiding sensitive political topics to stay away from conflict, there should be more discussions on these issues to provide different students with an inclusive platform to voice their opinions. Everyone, including students from China or Hong Kong, should keep their minds open for new information and perspectives so as to learn from others.
It’s easy to exclude dissidents, but that only reinforces the problem and enlarges the gap between different nationalities. People should acknowledge the differences and participate in those conversations, despite all of the political tension within these places. This is important to provide a comfortable environment for people to identify themselves as who they want to be.
Although it was difficult facing judgment and disdain as one of the few Hongkongers at Emerson, I will strongly hold onto that identity because I am proud and I want to tell people where my actual home is.
4/25/19: A previous version of this article stated legislators of the Legislative Council are elected every five years. Legislators are elected every four years. The article has been changed to reflect that.
As a HongKonger, I admit that it is very hard to tell people such as my American friends that I am from China. I have a lot of Chinese friends but we are so culturally different that I could not help differentiate myself from them. I could not even say that I take pride in China because I have never recognized it as my country. I was born and raised in Hong Kong before 1997. I spent 95% of my childhood life in Hong Kong. The education, culture, and languages we spoke, are isolated from China too. How would I say that I am from China? I am from China = I am a mainlander, which I am not as a fact.
I think our mainlanders counterpart need to think about this: if one day, Japanese takes over China. Will the mainland Chinese, on the next day, tell the others that they are from Japan? I bet not. Will Hongkonger tell the others that they are from Japan? I bet not too.
However, in a long run, the differentiation between China and Hong Kong will be diminished given the assimilation taking place in Hong Kong right now. I am not saying the culture of the mainlanders is unacceptable (who am I to judge) but they are simply not HKish. So, the more days I stay away from HK, the more distant feeling I have to the city.
Support! Proud to be a Hongkonger??
I’m from Hong kong , Not China !
The Chinese should not be rich because Chinese has no integrity. It will only destroy the work that everyone lives and does. The Chinese do not need to be pitiful.
I was born and raised in Hong Kong. Now I m doing architecture in the UK. Partly agree with what you said, I always introduce myself as a person from Hong Kong , yes , a Chinese . I see it as a racial thing . That is undeniable . But honestly Hong Kong and China are indeed different .
Support from a Hongkonger in Hong Kong, really appreciated for telling the truth
Hong Kong is NOT China, that’s a simple facts
Leaving a comment solely due to the annoying use of “our own language” in the comments as some grand, distinct difference. Dude, you “HKers” speak Cantonese, a CHINESE DIALECT spoken in and named after a Chinese province … it is no different from Shanghainese or any of the other dialects spoken in many other Chinese cities and provinces – you are NOT that special!
The other cultural, core values, etc. points I can understand (though, the reality is, give the CCP a few generations, and that’ll all be moot, just like people are praising the Queen now when 5 generations ago their ancestors probably weren’t thrilled with being colonized by the Brits either), but please, stop with the language thing, it just reeks of misplaced arrogance and undermines your argument.
As a final note (since I’m already commenting), I had always found the Chinese government’s actions in recent years in HK to be harsh and unwarranted, stupid for alienating the people. However, seeing the comments here, I now understand why they are doing this — clearly they have given up on pleasing these couple of generations of “HKers” who will never identify as Chinese anyway. Since there’s no way to buy your hearts, you and your feelings are now calculated write-offs. They’ll be focused on cultivating (brainwashing…call it what you will) and transplanting the next generations. HK will be the reverse Taiwan (which is more and more splintered off as the One-China advocates/KMT/old guard die off – no hope of reunification without full out war imo). Sure, the post-hand-off treatment of HK presumably won’t fall on the right side of history, but as they say, to the victor goes the spoils … kind of like how the Brits got HK in the first place – full circle look at that!
Your right, Hong Kong is not China!!
As a HKer I identify as Chinese from Hong Kong. I’m not going to throw away my ethnic identity just because the british colonized us.
[…] 現於波士頓修讀傳理系的本台前記者Frances近日在美國愛默生學院學生報《The Berkeley Beacon》上發表題為「I am from Hong Kong, not China」文章,講解中國與香港之間的關係及分別。文章於港美兩地引起強烈迴響,Frances是日接受本台訪問講述來龍去脈。 […]
Support ????
加油! RESPECT!
Hi Frances,
I’m really glad that you speak for Hong Kong and being proud to be a HongKonger. I seldom talk about this in public but I would like to express some of my opinions after reading your post.
I’m a post 80s, born and grew up in HK, studied in local school, saw what happened in the 1989 Tiananmen Square on TV. I experienced the time when my relatives and many families were afraid of the Communist government and decided to leave Hong Kong. I was in Hong Kong during the hangover. I saw a lot of the emigrated Hong Kong people came back after the hangover. Then experience the tighten of freedom in recent years. However, all these are about politics and economies. It won’t affect your root and identity. Even with all these events happened, I still call myself a Chinese and I’m from Hong Kong. Cantonese and Chinese culture have a long history. The characters we write, the language we speak, all came from the heart and centre of China. That’s why Cantonese speaking people can understand better the poems from Tong and Song dynasty. How Hong Kong has developed the specialized culture was not because the British but because our ancestors came to Hong Kong to protect the Chinese culture. Frankly speaking, I would say Hong Kong people have the greatest rights to tell the world that we are Chinese. We speak authentic Chinese and we write authentic Chinese. As a Hong Kong grown up, what I understand is that we are actually disagree being ruled by the Communist party, not being a Chinese who was raised under the Chinese culture.
Yes, we think that mainlanders are uncivilized and it’s like our home being invaded. I agree but it’s not all their fault. It’s again political issues. They have been altered in the last 60 years and being treated unfairly in the last century. Like most of the Hong Kong people, sometimes I would have hatred of their attitude and actions. However, when I think deep, we are all from the same root, can we embrace them and make them being good Chinese again? Hong Kong being a part of China, that’s a fact, speaking legally, politically correct and have world-wide consensus. We cannot refuse we have to be labelled coming from “Hong Kong, China”. When we go travel, we still use HKSAR passport. So, I hope you do not feel bad about this as you cannot force others being not politically correct.
I’m currently working in Taiwan. Sometimes I feel strange when some of my friends refuse being Chinese as their parents came from China and some of them have the roots from the Nationalist government officials. I also meet a lot of immigrates in Europe that they still write authentic Chinese and speak Cantonese (or other southern languages). They still tell people that they are Chinese. As a Hongkonger, I’m really glad that you stood up and I do hope we can protect Chinese culture and spread to all Chinese being altered or distracted. Insist calling yourself differently is actually making differentiation and this is how some power would like to fool you to make chaos. If the large group of people refuse to listen to us, then the real Chinese will really be dead. I know this is hard, we are speaking 7M vs 1.3B people but I would appreciate if you, as a Hongkonger, can convert this energy to make Chinese, the ethnic, and Chinese culture great again.
I’m a Hongkonger and I’m a Chinese from Hong Kong.
Great reflection
Mentally colonized
A whole lot of Uncle Tom’s in the comments section.
Yes, I am from Hong Kong. Well Support!!
At least, we can speak whatever we want, but China can’t.
Support from Hong Kong!
I am Chinese but I pretent to be HongKongker when I travel to avoid being diacriminated. There are so many Chinese waiting to migrate to Hong Kong!
Xi’s family 99% gave up their Chinese passport, may i know why??
I felt the same as you
I’m from Hong Kong, not China
Well said! China just can’t respect minority and the fundamental differences from Hong Kong/ Taiwan/ Tibet.
I am proud to be a Hongkonger!
Very well said! Once again “Hong Kong is not China!”
Thanks for writing this, thanks for voicing up THE FACT even though you will face difficulty. You speak out my thought accurately!
Our freedom and culture should not be taken and erased!
Please spread this article out to the world, HONG KONG IS NOT CHINA.
Yes, that’s true. We are never the same. Chinese and HongKonger, the culture, history, development, core value are totally different. Don’t treat us as a city in China. We have freedom while you don’t. We don’t spit while you do.
For those comment here, especially those Chinese who always think that HongKonger should never call ourselves as HongKongers. I understand you are proud of being a Chinese, and please accept we don’t. I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.
And stay strong Frances, you are never alone. Here, we HongKonger support you 🙂 Thanks for writing such a fabulous article to let the world know, we come from a city called HONG KONG. It is owned by a country but we will never belong to.
A piece of courageous and convincing statement! As a Hongkonger, I’m proud of you!!
Supporting for HK!
There are not many people who speak out for Hongkongers nowadays, thanks so much!
HK is HK
Taiwan is Taiwan
China is China
The Communist Party of China has never ruled Hong Kong & Taiwan. NEVER!!!!
Feel free to call yourself a Hongkonger because you are. Feel free to say Hong Kong does not belong to China because that’s your political view. However, as you are writing an article on such a sensitive and complex topic, keep in mind that a large number of your readers will be Americans who are not familiar with the politics and history of both Hong Kong and China. To prove your point, discuss your own experience growing up in Hong Kong and how you shaped your political views based on your backgrounds and education. You don’t do it by making assumptions about China that can mislead Americans who don’t have sufficient knowledge of China’s policies and situations and hurt Chinese people’s feelings.
What I came up from your article was that the “majority” Chinese people disrespected the political views of the “small groups” of students from Hong Kong, Tibet, and Taiwan and that you didn’t have your political freedom because of the pressure. I think you should be careful with your word choices. You can give examples to prove that these phenomena existed in your case, but after reading your article, I could have come to the conclusion that the entire Chinese community is disrespectful to people from Hong Kong. I disagree with this kind of inaccurate message in a journalist’s article.
I read the follow-up letter by the three Chinese students at Emerson. To me, both sides are just citing sources that can validate their points of views. Obviously, for whatever points of view, we can always find “evidence” that prove them. The focus here is neither to argue how many Hong Kong people identify themselves as Chinese nor to argue whether Hong Kong belongs to China, because obviously, we will draw different conclusions based on our own backgrounds and education. However, as a journalism student writing such a sensitive topic, I think we can do a better job informing the public to be open-minded and form their independent opinions, instead of directing them to make inaccurate assumptions about China.
Supports from Hong Kong. Thanks for writing this comprehensive article and help shedding spotlight for this issue. It includes many good points on how hong kong differ from China and it’s really helpful to explain to foreigners. Good job and proud of you!
Hongkong belongs to China.
HK born and raised HK guy to show some support here! Thanks for telling the truth, people nowadays is even not dare to speak true, enough for silent, time to wake up
Dear Frances,
I admire the critical thinking behind your article. Whether it is politically or legally correct is beside the point. We are talking about our subjective perception, or on a higher level, our conscience. That is why I have no comment for those from Mainland criticing your article. In a democratic society, it is their rights to hold on to what they believe, if it is really what they believe..
Your article explains why most Hong Kong people (not those from Mainland after 1997) do not like the present Hong Kong. The problem is not really with what the British had given to Hong Kong, the problems are really what the Chinese Government is… It always surprises me that everyone from China highly praises the Mainland Government, and how advance is China, yet everyone of them try their best to leave China… I suppose this is “actions speak louder than words”…
I agreed what you said!!! Thanks for speak out for Hong Kong??!!
Respect
When there are no Shanghai China, or Beijing China, why emphasizing HK China. Simply adding “China” did not make a person feel more connected with the country, not to mention the hateful comments and threat every time when ppl commenting HK.
Thanks for your sharing. With the historical background, we have got our identities as ‘Hong Kongers’ since 1842. No one can take that away from us. I guess those who wants to rewrite the history should work exordinarily to invent a time machine. But need to make sure that the machine won’t explode before the mission or it still works well when returning. Good luck!
China PRC is part of Hong Kong. So one country two system is nonsense. Only China is ruled by Hong Kong, the peace of world can only be able to persist. If contrary, the world war will happen again, and soon.
Well said. So proud of you.
If I must make a complaint on this, …that would be HK has absolutely nothing to do with China. It was the Chin Dynasty (not china) that ceded the HK island and KW Peninsula permanently to the GB.
Anyway, Hker will prevail. Blessing from your fellow HKer.
It is very interesting to see some people being punished by just saying where are they coming from.
As a Hong Kongese, when we say we are coming from Hong Kong, most of us do not deny the fact that Hong Kong is part of China’s territory. When the people from California saying that they come from California, are they actually deny they are Americans? Plus the fact that Hong Kong has its own language, own currency, own passport, etc. We can see Hong Kong is very culturally different compared the mainland China, and that is why we prefer to be differently identified. Keep in mind that when we say we are coming from Hong Kong, we DO NOT mean we obtain a “higher status”, or a “better identity”. Searching the global nationality list, you can find Hong Kong is one of the members. When we fill-in official documents and they ask for nationality, we always put down Hong Kong into the box. Once again, it does not necessarily mean Hong Kong is a country, so please do not overreacted.
Everyone should have their own freedom to choose where they feel like to belongs to. As some of the above comments have mentioned, it is a personal preferences. We shall understand and respect each other’s identity, rather than punish or criticize. Otherwise, it makes no difference between the Communist Party: losing the freedom to express whatever I prefer to belongs to.
My parents are from Hong Kong and myself were born in New Jersey in 1987. I strongly disagree with this article, as I grew up my parents taught me one should never forget about their identity. I am Chinese American, Chinese first then American second. I valued my Chinese heritage a lot even my Polish wife adapted to the culture. I realized Hong Kong is under lots of pressure from the central government, but getting rid of your identity or create a new one won’t win over any respects from the world.
American students and politicians should realize that Hong Kong is not China, that Hong Kong is anti-China, but that China is occupying Hong Kong and using it to do many bad things globally and secretly, such as relying on people like Patrick Ho, ex-HKSAR government official, to conduct bribery to corrupt America and other countries. Ho is now serving jail sentence in New York. But that is not enough. America should help Hong Kong to become independent of China in all respects, which will be good for America as well. Hong Kong people mostly are descendants of immigrants from China, just like most Americans were descendants from the British. The Americans became independent. Now it is the turn of the Hong Kong people to be independent too. Americans revolted because of unfair taxes. Hong Kong people revolt on much more substantive grounds!
Dear Frances, as a fellow Hongkonger who is also in the States, I just wanna come here and give you my support! Hong Kong is NOT China, and every time people ask me where I am from, I say Hong Kong, NEVER China! Be strong, there are a lot of Mainland trolls who will come and attack you…… but please know we are on your side. Those mainland trolls are what we say ” body is most honest”, while they say they are patriotic and they love China, they will do absolutely anything to stay in the States to get a green card.. such hypocrites… ignore them… be strong girl!
support Hongkongers. You are not alone.
Hong Kong has been a colony of Britain for 156 years, and despite that 99% are Chinese, Hong Kong is very different from mainland China. I don’t see any reason why people from Hong Kong cannot claim themselves as HongKongers.
Of course, Hong Kong is not China, I used to hope Hong Kong can independent and recently China makes Hong Kong getting worse day by day. Fxxking Chi na.
Well, many people ask for a comment from a local Hong Konger, here it is.
I am one of the students from The University of Hong Kong, a local Hong Kongese, born and raised in this beautiful land. My parents are Chinese, of course, they flee from China during the period of cultural revolution.
I understand that Hong Kong is part of China because it was stated in the basic law, article 1. Yet, the problem for ethnic identities is that people could have more than one identities, one could acknowledge oneself as Hong Kongese, Chinese, a global citizen or even a gorilla, at the same time. We have to understand that a person’s ethnic identities should not be restricted by laws or other forms of written restrictions, it is a personal matter. People in Ukraine could say they were Ukrainian and/or Russian, people in Scotland could say they were Scottish and/or English. The same goes for Hong Konger, we could say we were Hong Kongese and/or Chinese, not mutually exclusive. According to the latest research figures by The Public Opinion Programme (POP) on ethnic identities of Hong Kong people, 40% would identify themselves as Hong Konger and 43.2% identify themselves as mixed identities. Nobody should be able to criticize others if they did not identify themselves as something, not even Hong Konger, ourselves.
In the year of 1960, The United Nation adopted the 《Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples》. Yet, Hong Kong and Macao were taken out from the colonial list in the 2908 resolution of The United Nations, 1972 as China protested severely., and Hong Konger, ourselves, could not say a word towards the whole resolution.
Maybe it is worthless to spend time discussing the past, let us focus on the current situation, shall we? Now we go on to the issue of “One country, two systems”. This arrangement was no more than a nominal thing nowadays, we saw a book shop owner in HK that sold censored books in China was “disappeared” and later appeared on Chinese television saying “sorry” to all Chinese people. We saw a Chinese controlled area appears in Hong Kong territory, a blatant attack on the basic law. We are also currently witnessing the amendments to Fugitive Offenders Ordinance and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Ordinance, which would possibly allow criminals in Hong Kong to be freely transferred back to the mainland to face the law of the Chinese, I, as a Hong Konger, are now feared that I would be sent north to face Chinese law (not the basic law) if I criticize the Chinese government one day.
There is much more issue concerning the two identities, difference or clash in cultures, languages and mindset, and could not be discussed in such short paragraphs.
I know you have been wondering what would I identify as. I declare myself firmly and strongly as a Hong Kongese, a global citizen, nothing else.
You have a fellow Hongkonger support who lives 160 miles west of Boston. Keep up the fight cos it’s gonna be a long tiring and nasty battle to the ChiCom. Commie is evil.
I was born in British Hong Kong in 1967, not Hong Kong, China. Hong Kong was not part of China in 1967, and that is a historical fact. I always tell people that I am from British Hong Kong. From today’s viewpoint, just “Hong Kong” is not good enough because it is too confusing. One has to distinguish between pre and post-1997 Hong Kong very clearly. Most of my documents and papers also show my place of birth as British Hong Kong. I am British and will always be because I was born in British Hong Kong (pursuant to the British Nationality Act before 1981). I am very proud to be British, having lived in the Commonwealth all my life (I currently live in Canada). I have never set foot on Chinese soil, including Chinese Hong Kong, after 1997.
As someone from Hong Kong, my position is quite simple. Hong Kong is still clearly objectively a distinctive identity, or we Hongkongers would not require a permit to even have a stopover in (mainland) China. And many other things. The fact that we’re not allowed to join the Chinese military at all also makes us an occupied territory.
As an expat living outside of Greater China for many years, it’s also very important to me to make that distinction, even only for visa purposes. And the reality is that even though most countries’ immigration officers don’t know the difference (the Argentine one was wondering if he should put me down as China or Taiwan), the policies are different. And even in North Korea, the officer singled me out for holding a Hong Kong passport on a bus full of Chinese tourists.
So my simple position is this: When I was born and growing up, Hong Kong was British. My birth certificate has a British coat of arms, and my first passport was British. The colonial systems have largely been kept today under China, except Hong Kong is now supposedly even more autonomous than before (eg people used to be able to appeal to the Privy Council in London, but you cannot appeal to Beijing legally speaking).
So, if someone born in Hong Kong today is “from China”, then fine. I’m from the UK, then?